THE ROLE OF DIGITAL LITERACY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF 21ST-CENTURY SKILLS IN STUDENTS
Downloads
The integration of digital technologies in education has become a critical factor in shaping the skills required for success in the 21st century. Digital literacy, defined as the ability to effectively navigate, evaluate, and create information using digital tools, is increasingly seen as an essential skill in fostering cognitive and social competencies. This study explores the role of digital literacy in the development of 21st-century skills, including critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration, in students. The research aims to investigate how digital literacy influences students' ability to develop these competencies and identify specific digital tools that facilitate this process. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining surveys, digital literacy assessments, and interviews with educators and students. The results indicate that students with higher digital literacy levels demonstrate significantly better performance in creativity (75%) and critical thinking (68%), as well as improved collaboration and communication skills. The study concludes that digital literacy plays a pivotal role in equipping students with the necessary skills to navigate complex problems, communicate effectively, and collaborate in diverse environments. The research suggests that integrating digital literacy into educational curricula is crucial for preparing students for future challenges and opportunities.
Agaoglu, F. O., Bas, M., Tarsuslu, S., Ekinci, L. O., & Agaoglu, N. B. (2025). The mediating digital literacy and the moderating role of academic support in the relationship between artificial intelligence usage and creative thinking in nursing students. BMC Nursing, 24(1). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03128-3
Al-Ansari, A. M., Al-Hilal, A. J. S., & Alansari, A. E. (2025). Public school principals’ role in supporting mathematically gifted students by equipping them with 21st-century skills. Quality Assurance in Education, 33(4), 671–684. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/QAE-01-2025-0001
Al-Hattami, H. M. (2025). Understanding how digital accounting education fosters innovation: The moderating roles of technological self-efficacy and digital literacy. International Journal of Management Education, 23(2). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2025.101131
Ali, A. S. M., Zan, Z. M., Pon, Y., Tuan Sembok, T. M. Z., Ibrahim, M. A., & Said, M. Z. (2025). The Transformative Role of Digital Technology in Enhancing Economic Inclusivity within Developing Countries: A Scoping Review. Paper Asia, 41(3), 406–416. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.59953/paperasia.v41i3b.356
Aliyyah, R. R., Prasetyo, T., & Widyasari, W. (2025). Perspectives of Teachers on Digital Literacy Implementation Curriculum in Elementary Schools. F1000Research, 14. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.172273.1
Alshebami, A. S., Fazal, S. A., Aljarodi, A. M., Zarin, N., Ali Seraj, A. H., & Alzain, E. (2025). The influence of access to technology and digital literacy on female empowerment and digital entrepreneurial intentions. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 23(3), 1–12. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.23(3).2025.01
Alzubaidi, K. (2025). The Role of Generative AI in Higher Education: Institutional Guidelines, Generational Gaps, and the Grok 4 Challenge. Arab World English Journal, 2025(Special Issue), 1–4. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/call11.1A
Arokiasamy, A. R. A., Nkutia, J. S., Larrosa, M. J. L., Gougou, S. A.-M., Iatisin, T., & Thurab-Nkhosi, D. (2025). Smart Learning Ecosystems in Transition: A Systematic Review on the Adoption of ICT and IoT as Emerging Technologies in Education. Architecture Image Studies, 6(3), 1610–1625. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.62754/ais.v6i3.502
Bahri, A., & Tabbu, M. A. S. (2025). THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL LITERACY AND DISASTER MITIGATION UNDERSTANDING ON COMPUTATIONAL AND SPATIAL THINKING ABILITY IN UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 24(2), 312–325. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.33225/jbse/25.24.312
Chang, C.-Y., & Kuo, H.-C. (2025). The development and validation of the digital literacy questionnaire and the evaluation of students’ digital literacy. Education and Information Technologies, 30(9), 11549–11581. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13216-7
Chimwayange, C. (2025). Promoting student engagement using project based learning as service-based skills development. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 35(4), 1429–1446. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-024-09947-w
Chiner, E., Gómez-Puerta, M., Mengual-Andrés, S., & Merma-Molina, G. (2025). Teacher and School Mediation for Online Risk Prevention and Management: Fostering Sustainable Education in the Digital Age. Sustainability (Switzerland), 17(8). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083711
Feraco, T., Mammarella, I. C., & Meneghetti, C. (2025). The Relation Between Soft Skills and Arithmetic Performance. Journal of Experimental Education, 93(3), 502–521. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973.2024.2364621
Feraco, T., Pellegrino, G., Casali, N., Carretti, B., & Meneghetti, C. (2025). Social, emotional, and behavioral skills in students with or without specific learning disabilities. Learning and Individual Differences, 117. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2024.102581
Hoyos Muñoz, J. A., & Cardona Valencia, D. (2025). Trends and challenges of digital divide and digital inclusion: A bibliometric analysis. Journal of Information Science, 51(4), 813–830. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1177/01655515221148366
Huiqing, Z., Awang, M. M., & Ahmad, A. (2025). Unpacking academic professionalism and teacher well-being: The roles of leadership support, psychological capital, and digital literacy in higher education. Journal of Asian Scientific Research, 15(4), 912–926. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.55493/5003.v15i4.5776
?lkay, G., K?vanç Öztu?, E., Eren, H. C., & Sülün, E. (2025). Transformative 21st Century Approaches in Musical Ear Training: Fostering Essential Skills for Enhanced Learning. SAGE Open, 15(2). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251326438
Kara Erol, H. (2025). Time for universities to think outside the box: University students’ experiences of social skills development workshops. Active Learning in Higher Education, 26(1), 139–156. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1177/14697874231217054
Mardiana, H., & Yakub, Y. (2025). The impact of digital literacy and digital competence on online teaching productivity: The moderating role of work behavior. Asian Association of Open Universities Journal, 20(2), 104–121. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAOUJ-09-2024-0120
Nair, K. R., & Kareem, J. (2025). THE INFLUENCE OF STEM ATTITUDE, 21ST CENTURY SKILLS, AND TECHNOLOGY USE ON STUDENT OUTCOMES: A MEDIATION MODEL ANALYSIS. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 24. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.28945/5621
Pellegrino, G., Feraco, T., Meneghetti, C., & Carretti, B. (2025). Ready for What’s Next? The Associations Between Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Skills and Career Adaptability in High School Students. Journal of Adolescence, 97(5), 1200–1210. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1002/jad.12486
Rachim, M. D., Suaib, E., Nikoyan, A., & Larisu, Z. (2025). Transformation of Rice Agribusiness: Exploring New Media use in Kendari City. Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences, 13(4), 1521–1530. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.22194/JGIAS/25.1820
Ramasamy, R., & Mei, H. C. (2025). Needs Analysis of Professional Writing in the 21st Century Among Malaysian Tertiary Students. Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research, 11(1), 43–52. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110104
Rumanti, A. A., Daryanto, Y., Amelia, M., Rizaldi, A. S., Zulkarnain, I., & Andrawina, L. (2025). The role of organizational and stakeholder factors in strengthening digital literacy and communication for edu-tourism. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 11(3). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100618
Salhab, R., & Aboushi, M. M. (2025). Influence of AI literacy and 21st-century skills on the acceptance of generative artificial intelligence among college students. Frontiers in Education, 10. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1640212
Salvador-Garcia, C., Chiva-Bartoll, O., Capella-Peris, C., & Maravé-Vivas, M. (2025). The ups and downs of CLIL lessons: A qualitative study on 21st century skills promotion in physical education. Language and Education, 39(1), 173–189. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500782.2024.2317226
Schroder, M., & Gattenhof, S. (2025). Positioning creativity in senior school curriculum in Queensland. Curriculum Perspectives, 45(2), 177–187. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41297-024-00293-4
Schwartz, J. (2018). Visual literacy: Academic libraries address 21st century challenges. Reference Services Review, 46(4), 479–499. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/RSR-04-2018-0048
Siburian, J., Mardiyanti, L., Sadikin, A., Tarigan, B. K. Br., & Sembiring, D. A. E. P. (2025). The GENICS (Grouping, Exploring, Discussion, Individual Activity, Combining, Sharing) Learning Model: Instructional Design Model to Enhance Student Creative Thinking and Meta-Skills. Educational Process: International Journal, 16. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2025.16.295
Sytziouki, M., Tsoni, M., Fachantidis, N., & Moustakas, I. (2025). Teachers’ Readiness for Change and Computer Self-Efficacy as Predictors of Assistive Technology Adoption in the Digitally Evolving Secondary Education. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 15(12), 2573–2586. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2025.15.12.2453
Tuyishimire, L., Mlaga, W., & Ntawigira, P. (2025). Teaching critical thinking skills in Rwandan secondary schools: Challenge and practical solutions. Cogent Education, 12(1). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2025.2562349
Ültay, N., & Özkurt, ?. (2025). The impact of 4th grade students’ learning about magnetism through STEM activities on success, 21st century skills, and perspectives. Research in Science and Technological Education, 43(3), 951–975. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635143.2024.2375509
Vinco, M. S. M., Kusumawijaya, R. I., Pertiwi, F. D., Salsabila, N. S., & Oktavianengrum, R. E. (2025). The Development of 6Cs Skills through Project-Based Learning ‘Masyarakat Belajar Sejarah’ (History Learning Society). Paramita, 35(1), 129–140. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v35i1.21482
Yaseen, H., Mohammad, A. S., Ashal, N., Abusaimeh, H., Ali, A., & Sharabati, A.-A. A. (2025). The Impact of Adaptive Learning Technologies, Personalized Feedback, and Interactive AI Tools on Student Engagement: The Moderating Role of Digital Literacy. Sustainability (Switzerland), 17(3). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17031133
Yüksel, A. O., Atasoy, B., & Özdemir, S. (2025). Transformation of labor: Educational robotics coding in elementary schools for 21st century skills. Entertainment Computing, 52. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.entcom.2024.100890
Zheng, J., & Kim, K. T. (2025). The Driving Force for Sustaining Future Competencies for University Students in the Digital Era: Learning Strategies. Journal of Curriculum and Teaching, 14(1), 19–29. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.5430/jct.v14n1p19
Copyright (c) 2026 Ummi Rasyidah, Ethan Tan, Nong Chai

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


















